Cumulative dyslipidaemia from mid-adolescence through young adulthood with carotid intima-media thickness progression: a 9-year longitudinal study

Abstract Background Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression was recently established as a predictor of cardiovascular events among adults. To date, single cIMT measure has largely been used marker preclinical atherosclerotic changes in the young population and dyslipidaemia associated with measured cIMT. The longitudinal relationship between repeated large apparently healthy remains unknown. Purpose investigate associations total cholesterol (TC), non–high-density lipoprotein (non–HDL-C), high-density (HDL-C), triglyceride, low-density (LDL-C) adolescence. Methods We studied 1779 British 15-year-olds (50% females) followed up for 9 years. TC, HDL-C were line standard protocols at ages 15, 17, 24 years, respectively. LDL-C non-HDL-C estimated. Lipid phenotypes categorized based on 2011 National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute classification into normal (reference), elevated, dyslipidaemia. from right left common carotid arteries 17 years assessed by ultrasound using linear 12-MHz transducer an machine (CardioHealth Panasonic 13.5 MHz array broadband (probe; centre frequency 9.0 MHz). conducted mixed-effect model analyses adjusted sex, age, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, glucose, insulin, fat mass, lean heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic sedentary time, light physical activity, moderate to vigorous family history cardiometabolic disease, socioeconomic status, pubertal attainment, smoking addition lipid covariates such HDL-C, LDL-C, or triglyceride depending predictor. However, TC not lipids. Results Participants mean (SD) age different time points 15.43 (0.29), 17.69 (0.31), 24.53 (0.72). Persistently elevated TC: effect estimate 0.026 mm [95% CI 0.004 0.049; p=0.024], non–HDL-C: 0.033 [0.009 0.056; p=0.007], LDL-C: 0.035 [0.003 0.067); p=0.034], 15 through cumulatively 7-year progression. Persistent borderline-low HDL-C: −0.027 [−0.050 −0.005; p=0.019] very-low −0.035 [−0.057 −0.013; p=0.002] levels Triglyceride Conclusion These findings suggest that lipids mid-adolescence adulthood wall thickening, atherosclerosis. Funding Acknowledgement Type funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main source(s): Finnish Cultural Foundation